Factionalism impacts party cohesion by creating divisions within political parties, often leading to conflicting agendas and weakened unity. When factions prioritize their specific interests over collective action, it can result in gridlock and hinder effective governance. In electoral contexts, factionalism can dilute party support, making it challenging to present a unified front to voters. However, it can also foster political debate and innovation as diverse perspectives vie for recognition. Balancing factional interests within a party is crucial for maintaining political strength and achieving legislative objectives.