A coalition government operates when multiple political parties join forces to form a majority in a legislature. This arrangement is often necessary in systems with proportional representation, where no single party achieves an outright majority. Coalition governments can enhance political stability by pooling resources and expertise to address governance challenges. However, they can also face challenges related to compromise and differing political agendas among coalition partners, which can lead to conflicts and instability. The effectiveness of coalition governments largely depends on the ability of parties to collaborate and maintain cohesion while representing their constituents' interests.