A bicameral legislature functions through two distinct chambers that work together to create and pass legislation. In the United States, these two chambers are the House of Representatives and the Senate. The House is based on population, allowing larger states more representatives, while the Senate provides equal representation with two senators from each state. This structure enables checks and balances, as legislation must be approved by both chambers before becoming law. The bicameral system encourages thorough debate and consideration of diverse viewpoints within the legislative process.