Special interest groups influence public policy and governance by lobbying legislatures, funding campaigns, and mobilizing grassroots support. They represent specific interests—such as business, labor, or environmental issues—and strive to sway policy decisions in their favor. Using strategies like targeted advertising and public relations campaigns, these groups shape public opinion and ensure their agendas are considered in legislative debates. However, the power of special interest groups can raise concerns about equity in representation, as those with more resources may dominate the political discussion, leaving smaller or less-funded groups at a disadvantage.