Referendums shape national policy decisions by allowing citizens to directly vote on specific legislative proposals or constitutional amendments. This democratic tool empowers voters to express their preferences on contentious issues, from electoral reforms to social policies. The outcome of a referendum often leads to significant shifts in national policy and can reflect the collective will of the populace. Though referendums promote civic engagement, they can also polarize public opinion and result in contentious debates, highlighting the challenges of translating complex issues into binary choices.