Referendums empower citizens by allowing them to directly vote on specific issues or policies. This mechanism enables citizens to have a say in significant decisions that affect their lives, fostering a sense of engagement and responsibility. By participating in referendums, individuals can express their preferences, challenging traditional representative democracy. This form of direct participation can lead to greater accountability of elected officials, as citizens can influence policy outcomes. However, the effectiveness of referendums can depend on the clarity of the questions posed and the information available to the public.