Referendums can significantly change public policy by allowing citizens to directly vote on specific issues or proposed laws. This form of direct democracy empowers the electorate to express their preferences on critical matters, bypassing representative legislative processes. Successful referendums can lead to immediate changes in policy, such as constitutional amendments or shifts in local governance. They can also stimulate public debate, raising awareness and engagement around pertinent topics. However, referendums can lead to divisions within society, as opposing groups may campaign fiercely for or against particular outcomes, impacting long-term political dynamics.