Political ideologies define public policy preferences by shaping beliefs about the role of government in society. For example, liberalism generally supports proactive government intervention in economic issues and social justice, while conservatism often advocates for limited government and free-market principles. These ideological foundations influence policies related to healthcare, education, taxation, and civil rights. As public opinion evolves, shifts in political ideologies can lead to significant changes in policy direction, affecting the daily lives of citizens and the overall governance of a nation.