Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) significantly affect public policy by advocating for social issues, providing services, and holding governments accountable. They often fill gaps in service provision, especially in areas like health, education, and human rights. By conducting research, raising awareness, and mobilizing public support, NGOs influence legislative agendas and public opinion. Their engagement in advocacy can lead to policy changes, reflecting the needs and voices of marginalized groups. Additionally, NGOs often collaborate with governments and international organizations, fostering partnerships that enhance the impact of their initiatives on public policy outcomes.