International sanctions can influence state behavior by imposing economic or political costs for specific actions. Sanctions aim to compel states to revise their policies, often in response to human rights violations, military aggression, or other unwanted behaviors. By restricting trade, investment, or access to financial systems, sanctions can increase pressure on governments to comply with international norms. However, the effectiveness of sanctions can vary; they may lead to desired changes or entrench existing regimes, depending on the targeted state’s resilience and capacity to adapt. Sanctions also carry humanitarian concerns, affecting ordinary citizens rather than just political elites.