International relations theories explain state behavior through various frameworks, including Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism. Realism focuses on states as self-interested actors prioritizing power and security, while Liberalism emphasizes cooperation and institutions promoting peace and democracy. Constructivism highlights the role of social constructs, identities, and norms in shaping state actions. These theories provide different lenses through which to analyze interactions among states, influencing everything from alliances to conflict resolution. Understanding these theories enhances our comprehension of global dynamics and how nations navigate challenges and opportunities.