Electoral systems significantly shape political representation by influencing how votes are translated into seats within a legislature. Different systems, such as proportional representation or winner-takes-all, determine the balance of power among political parties and affect the diversity of representation. For instance, proportional systems tend to yield greater diversity, allowing smaller parties and minorities a voice, while majoritarian systems may favor larger parties, leading to a less inclusive political landscape. The choice of electoral system impacts voter engagement, party strategies, and ultimately, the nature of policy-making, thus playing a critical role in the democratic process.