Economic downturns often lead to decreased political engagement among citizens, as uncertainty and financial instability can cause disillusionment with political systems. During recessions, citizens may become more focused on immediate personal challenges, such as job security and financial survival, leading to lower voter turnout and reduced participation in political activities. However, downturns can also spur activism and organized movements aimed at addressing perceived inequities or policy failures. In this way, economic circumstances can both inhibit and galvanize political engagement, reflecting the complex interplay between societal needs and political responsiveness.