In the U.S. federal system, judges are appointed through a process that involves both the President and the Senate. The President nominates candidates for federal judgeships, including Supreme Court justices, while the Senate is responsible for confirming or rejecting these nominees. This process is governed by the U.S. Constitution and reflects the principle of checks and balances within the government. Once confirmed, federal judges serve lifetime appointments, allowing them to make rulings without direct political pressure. This method aims to ensure an independent judiciary that upholds the rule of law.