The "Communist Manifesto" was written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, first published in 1848. This seminal political document outlines the principles of Marxist theory, advocating for the proletariat's class struggle against the bourgeoisie in an industrialized society. The manifesto critiques capitalism, arguing that it inherently leads to inequality and alienation. Marx and Engels call for the working class to unite and overthrow capitalist systems, envisioning a classless, stateless society where the means of production are communal. The "Communist Manifesto" became a foundational text for communist movements worldwide and significantly influenced political ideologies and movements throughout the 19th and 20th centuries.