During the Golden Age of Athens, several notable playwrights emerged, with Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides being the most significant. Aeschylus is often credited as the father of tragedy, introducing the concept of a second actor to the stage. Sophocles is renowned for his works such as "Oedipus Rex," which exemplified psychological depth and character complexity. Euripides is known for challenging societal norms with plays like "Medea." These playwrights significantly influenced the development of drama and literature, shaping the cultural landscape of ancient Greece.