The prominent Roman leader during the conquest of Gaul was Julius Caesar. As a military general and statesman, Caesar led a series of campaigns between 58 BC and 50 BC known as the Gallic Wars, which resulted in the expansion of Roman territory and solidified his reputation as a formidable military strategist. His conquest is documented in his work, "Commentarii de Bello Gallico," which provides insights into his military tactics, the cultures of the Gallic tribes, and his views on leadership. Caesar's successes in Gaul significantly increased his power and influence in Roman politics, eventually leading to the end of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire.