The prominent leader of the American Civil Rights Movement was Martin Luther King Jr. A Baptist minister and social activist, King played a pivotal role in advocating for equality and justice for African Americans during the 1950s and 1960s. Through nonviolent protests, boycotts, and speeches, he sought to challenge systemic racism and segregation in the United States. His iconic "I Have a Dream" speech delivered during the 1963 March on Washington epitomized his vision of racial harmony and social justice. King's leadership and advocacy significantly contributed to landmark legislation, including the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.