The prominent leader advocating for civil rights and racial equality was Martin Luther King Jr. His leadership in the American Civil Rights Movement during the 1950s and 1960s became pivotal in the struggle against racial segregation and discrimination. King advocated for nonviolent protest and civil disobedience, influenced by Mahatma Gandhi's principles. His iconic speeches, including the "I Have a Dream" speech delivered during the 1963 March on Washington, mobilized thousands and raised awareness of racial injustices. King's efforts were instrumental in the passage of significant legislation, such as the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and left an enduring legacy in the fight for social justice in the United States.