The prominent figure in establishing the British welfare state after WWII is Clement Attlee, the Labour Prime Minister who led his party to victory in the 1945 elections. Attlee's government implemented significant reforms to address poverty and inequality, based on the recommendations of the Beveridge Report, which identified the "five giants" of want, disease, ignorance, squalor, and idleness. Policies enacted during his tenure included the creation of the National Health Service (NHS) and widespread social security measures, fundamentally transforming British society by expanding state responsibility for the welfare of its citizens.