The leading architect of the Indian independence movement was Mahatma Gandhi. He championed non-violent resistance and civil disobedience as means to achieve India's freedom from British rule. Through his leadership, he mobilized millions of Indians across various strata of society, emphasizing self-reliance and nationalism. His methods inspired future civil rights movements globally, showcasing the power of peaceful protest. Gandhi’s dedication to principles of truth and non-violence was pivotal in uniting the nation against colonial oppression, making him an enduring symbol of peace and freedom.