The leader of the Doukhobors who fought against conscription in Russia was Peter Verigin. The Doukhobors were a spiritual and pacifist sect that emerged in the 18th century, advocating for a lifestyle based on Christian principles and communal living. In the early 20th century, they opposed the Russian government's conscription policies, which compelled them to serve in the military, conflicting with their pacifist beliefs. Under Verigin's guidance, the Doukhobors engaged in various forms of peaceful resistance, including protests and acts of civil disobedience. Verigin's leadership played an integral role in shaping their identity and their struggle for religious freedom.