The last Tsar of Russia before the revolution in 1917 was Tsar Nicholas II. He ruled from 1894 until his abdication in 1917 during the tumultuous period of World War I and the ensuing Russian Revolution. Nicholas II’s reign was marked by significant challenges, including political unrest, military defeats, and economic turmoil. His inability to address these issues led to widespread dissatisfaction among the populace, ultimately culminating in the Bolsheviks seizing power. Nicholas II and his family were executed by Bolsheviks in 1918, symbolizing the end of the Romanov dynasty and the imperial rule in Russia.