The last Pharaoh of Ancient Egypt, known for her alliances with Rome, was Cleopatra VII. She ruled from 51 to 30 BCE and became famous for her relationships with prominent Roman leaders, including Julius Caesar and Mark Antony. Cleopatra aimed to secure Egypt's independence amid growing Roman influence. Her reign marked the end of the Ptolemaic Kingdom and the eventual annexation of Egypt into the Roman Empire, symbolizing a significant political shift in the ancient world.