The famous philosopher known for his statement, "Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains," is Jean-Jacques Rousseau. This quote appears in his seminal work "The Social Contract," published in 1762, where he explores the relationship between individuals and society. Rousseau argued that while individuals are inherently free, societal norms and institutions often restrict that freedom. He advocated for a social contract in which individuals collectively agree to form a society that promotes freedom and equality. Rousseau's ideas significantly influenced democratic thought and inspired later revolutions, emphasizing the need for political systems that reflect the general will of the populace.