Mahatma Gandhi was the famous Indian leader who advocated for peaceful resistance against British colonial rule in India. He is best known for his philosophy of nonviolent civil disobedience, which he called "Satyagraha," emphasizing truth and moral resistance against injustice. Gandhi led numerous campaigns advocating for civil rights, independence, and social reform, including the famous Salt March in 1930, which protested British salt taxes. His leadership not only played a crucial role in India's struggle for freedom but also inspired global movements for civil rights and social change, demonstrating the power of nonviolence and moral conviction in confronting oppression.