The famous historical figure known for leading the Bolshevik movement was Vladimir Lenin. He was a key leader in the Russian Revolution of 1917, which resulted in the overthrow of the provisional government and the establishment of Soviet power. Lenin's influence was foundational in the development of Marxism in Russia, adapting socialist ideas to the Russian context. His leadership during the October Revolution demonstrated his ability to mobilize the masses and rally support for the Bolsheviks. Once in power, Lenin implemented significant reforms and established the first socialist state, which paved the way for the Soviet Union’s future and significantly impacted global politics.