Cleopatra VII is the most famous Egyptian queen who ruled during the Ptolemaic period, from 51 to 30 BC. Known for her intelligence, charisma, and political acumen, she sought to strengthen her position through strategic alliances with powerful Roman leaders such as Julius Caesar and Mark Antony. Cleopatra was the last active ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom and played a significant role in the dynamics of Roman politics and the eventual transition of Egypt from a Hellenistic kingdom to a province of the Roman Empire. Her life and reign have fascinated historians and have been dramatized in various works of literature and film, cementing her legacy in history.