The famous Egyptian queen known for her political alliances with Rome is Cleopatra VII. Ruling from 51-30 BCE, Cleopatra was the last active pharaoh of Ancient Egypt and a member of the Ptolemaic dynasty. She is renowned for her relationships with powerful Roman leaders, including Julius Caesar and Mark Antony, which were crucial in her efforts to protect Egypt’s autonomy amidst Roman expansion. Cleopatra was a skilled diplomat and strategist, adept at navigating the complex political landscape of her time. Her reign ended with her defeat by Octavian (later Augustus) after the Battle of Actium, marking the fall of the Ptolemaic Kingdom.