The anti-apartheid movement in South Africa primarily focused on ending the institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination enforced by the apartheid regime. This movement sought to dismantle the policies that oppressed non-white South Africans and restricted their rights in various areas, including education, healthcare, and political participation. Led by figures such as Nelson Mandela and organizations like the African National Congress (ANC), activists mobilized against apartheid laws through protests, strikes, and international advocacy. Their efforts resulted in significant political changes, culminating in the first multiracial elections in 1994, which marked the official end of apartheid.