The famous African leader known for his fight against colonialism in Egypt is Gamal Abdel Nasser. Serving as the second President of Egypt from 1956 until his death in 1970, Nasser emerged as a prominent figure in the Arab world and a leading advocate for pan-Arab nationalism. He is best known for nationalizing the Suez Canal in 1956, a move that challenged British and French colonial influence and symbolized Egypt's assertion of independence. Nasser’s policies, aiming at modernization and social reforms, inspired anti-colonial movements across Africa and the Middle East, making him a significant figure in the broader struggle against colonialism.