The famous African American leader who advocated for education and self-help was Booker T. Washington. He promoted vocational training as a means for African Americans to achieve success and economic independence. Washington founded the Tuskegee Institute, where he emphasized practical skills in agriculture and trades. He believed that by demonstrating their value through hard work and education, African Americans could gradually earn the respect and rights they sought. His approach contrasted with other leaders like W.E.B. Du Bois, who advocated for immediate civil rights and higher education, leading to a significant dialogue on racial strategies in America.