The enigmatic queen of Egypt known for her beauty and political acumen was Cleopatra VII. She ruled from 51 to 30 BC and is often depicted as a figure of intrigue, romance, and political prowess. Cleopatra formed strategic alliances with powerful Roman leaders, notably Julius Caesar and Mark Antony, in her quest to protect Egypt from Roman annexation. Her reign was marked by both cultural advancements and political upheaval, ultimately culminating in her defeat by Octavian (later Augustus Caesar) at the Battle of Actium. Cleopatra's dramatic life and tragic end have made her a lasting symbol of both power and allure in history.