The Egyptian queen known for her alliance with Julius Caesar was Cleopatra VII. She ruled from 51-30 BC and is one of history's most famed figures. Cleopatra formed a political and romantic alliance with Caesar to strengthen her position in Egypt amidst internal and external conflicts. Their relationship resulted in the birth of a son, Caesarion. Following Caesar's assassination in 44 BC, Cleopatra aligned with Mark Antony, escalating the power struggles within Rome. Her significant role in these alliances exemplified her political acumen and has been immortalized in literature and art, influencing perceptions of her as a romantic and dramatic figure.