The chief architect of the New Deal program in the United States was Franklin D. Roosevelt's administration, with key contributions from figures like Harry Hopkins and Frances Perkins. The New Deal, initiated during the Great Depression in the 1930s, aimed to provide relief for the unemployed, recovery of the economy, and reform of the financial system. Programs such as Social Security, the Civilian Conservation Corps, and the Works Progress Administration were established under this plan. Roosevelt's approach was instrumental in reshaping the role of government in American society and laid the groundwork for the modern welfare state.