The chief architect of the New Deal in the United States was Franklin D. Roosevelt. This series of programs and reforms was implemented during the Great Depression in the 1930s to revive the American economy and provide relief to the suffering population. Roosevelt's administration aimed at addressing unemployment and poverty through public works projects, financial reforms, and social security initiatives. The New Deal included landmark legislation such as the Social Security Act and the establishment of various agencies like the Works Progress Administration (WPA), profoundly impacting American society and the role of government in the economy.