The architect of the New Deal during the Great Depression was Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR). Upon taking office in 1933, Roosevelt implemented a series of programs and reforms designed to provide relief for the unemployed, recover the economy, and reform the financial system. His administration established various agencies such as the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and the Social Security Administration (SSA) to address the widespread economic hardship. The New Deal fundamentally reshaped the role of government in American life and laid the foundation for modern social welfare policies, significantly impacting the political landscape and economic recovery strategies for decades to come.