The ancient Greek historian known as the "father of history" is Herodotus. He lived in the 5th century BCE and is best known for his work "Histories," which chronicles the events and cultures of the known world at that time, particularly the Greco-Persian Wars. Herodotus is credited with establishing history as a distinct field of study through his systematic investigation of historical events, reliance on sources, and emphasis on accuracy. His writings not only provide insights into the ancient world but also embody the importance of critical inquiry and the interpretation of historical narratives, influencing future historians in their pursuit of documentation and analysis.