Count Camillo di Cavour is known for his pivotal role in the unification of Italy in the 19th century. As the Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Sardinia, Cavour was a masterful diplomat and strategist, working to create alliances and foster military support against Austria, which controlled significant territories in Italy. He played a crucial role in orchestrating the Second Italian War of Independence and collaborated with nationalist leaders like Giuseppe Garibaldi, who led grassroots uprisings. Cavour's political acumen and pragmatic approach ultimately facilitated the unification of various Italian states into a single nation, culminating in 1861 with the establishment of the Kingdom of Italy.