Mahatma Gandhi was the key leader who instigated the Indian independence movement through nonviolent protests. His philosophy of nonviolent resistance, known as "Satyagraha," aimed to attain political and social goals through peaceful methods rather than armed struggle. Gandhi organized several significant campaigns, including the Salt March in 1930, which highlighted the injustices of British colonial rule. His ability to mobilize millions of Indians across diverse backgrounds made him a pivotal figure in the fight for freedom, ultimately leading to India's independence in 1947. Gandhi’s legacy of nonviolent protest continues to inspire civil rights movements worldwide.