The treaty signed in 1971 to establish peace following the Indo-Pakistani War was the Simla Agreement. This agreement aimed to promote peaceful relations and resolve disputes stemming from the conflict that led to the creation of Bangladesh. It emphasized the importance of bilateral negotiations between India and Pakistan to address issues such as territorial disputes and refugee crises. The Simla Agreement remains significant as it laid the groundwork for future diplomatic engagement and efforts towards stability in the region, highlighting the need for dialogue in resolving conflicts.