The movement that arose in Europe in the 15th to 17th centuries, blending art, science, and philosophy, is known as the Renaissance. This cultural revival marked the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity, emphasizing humanism, classical learning, and the exploration of new ideas. Artists like Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo made significant contributions in various fields, while thinkers such as Niccolò Machiavelli and Galileo Galilei advanced knowledge in politics and science. The Renaissance profoundly impacted European culture, laying the groundwork for the modern worldview and fostering advancements in the arts, sciences, and humanities.