The movement aimed to abolish slavery in the United States was known as the abolitionist movement. Active primarily in the 19th century, this social and political campaign sought to end the enslavement of African Americans. Abolitionists, including figures like Frederick Douglass, Harriet Tubman, and William Lloyd Garrison, utilized various strategies, such as writing, speeches, and active resistance, to challenge the institution of slavery. Their efforts laid the groundwork for the Civil War and ultimately led to the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment in 1865, which formally abolished slavery, marking a significant achievement for human rights and social justice in America.