The global event between 1934 and 1935 that marked Italy's attempt to expand its empire was the Second Italo-Ethiopian War. Initiated by Italy under the fascist regime of Benito Mussolini, this conflict aimed to secure colonial dominance over Ethiopia, which had resisted prior Italian attempts at colonization. The war featured significant military aggression, including the use of chemical weapons by Italian forces. The invasion captured global attention and condemnation, showcasing the growing militarism of fascist regimes in Europe. Ultimately, the conquest of Ethiopia was proclaimed, but it proved a catalyst for international tensions leading up to World War II.