Adam Smith is often credited as the architect of the economic theory of capitalism, primarily through his seminal work, "The Wealth of Nations," published in 1776. In this book, he outlines the principles of free markets, the division of labor, and the "invisible hand" that guides individual self-interest toward societal benefit. His ideas laid the groundwork for modern economic thought, advocating for limited government intervention and free trade. Smith's impact continues to be felt in contemporary discussions about economics, providing a theoretical foundation for understanding how markets operate and function effectively in promoting wealth creation and prosperity.