The largest contiguous empire in history at its peak was the Mongol Empire, which originated in the early 13th century under the leadership of Genghis Khan. At its height, the empire spanned from Eastern Europe to the Sea of Japan, covering vast territories including China, parts of the Middle East, and large portions of Central Asia. The Mongol Empire was renowned for its military prowess, administrative efficiency, and cultural exchanges along the Silk Road. This vast domain significantly influenced trade routes, communication, and cultural interactions across continents, leaving a lasting legacy in world history.