The empire known for its significant contributions to the arts during the Renaissance was the Italian city-states, particularly Florence. Under the rule of the Medici family, Florence became a thriving center of art and culture, attracting renowned artists such as Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Botticelli. This period saw a revival of classical themes and humanistic values in art, literature, and architecture, resulting in masterpieces that are celebrated to this day. The Renaissance spurred innovation and creativity, leading to advancements in painting, sculpture, and literature, leaving a lasting legacy that significantly shaped Western cultural history.