The Islamic Golden Age is closely associated with the Abbasid Empire, which made significant contributions to mathematics, astronomy, medicine, and philosophy from the 8th to the 14th centuries. Scholars in the Abbasid Empire, particularly in centers like Baghdad, advanced knowledge through translations of Greek texts and original research. Important figures, such as Al-Khwarizmi, made foundational contributions to algebra and algorithmic processes, while astronomers like Al-Battani improved astronomical observations and charting methods. The flourishing of these disciplines during this period laid essential groundwork for the Renaissance and the eventual rise of modern science.