The country predominantly affected by the Plague in the 14th century was Italy, particularly in cities like Florence and Genoa. The Black Death, which arrived in Europe in 1347-1351, resulted in an estimated 25 million deaths, wiping out approximately one-third of Europe's population. The Plague caused devastating social, economic, and cultural disruptions, leading to labor shortages and changes in societal structure. In Italy, the severe impacts on population and economy fostered a new appreciation for art and literature, eventually contributing to the cultural rebirth known as the Renaissance in subsequent decades.