The civilization known for the construction of Machu Picchu in the Andes Mountains is the Inca Empire. This remarkable archaeological site, built in the 15th century during the reign of Emperor Pachacuti, served as a royal estate and a religious sanctuary. Machu Picchu showcases the Incas' advanced architectural and engineering skills, with terraced fields, intricate stonework, and sophisticated water management systems. The site is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and remains a vital symbol of Incan civilization and cultural heritage.